MIKTA Countries

Paper title:	*Rising Middle Powers: Comparative Analysis of MIKTA Countries*
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.4316/CC.2020.02.006
Published in:	Issue 2, (Vol. 26) / 2020
Publishing date:	2020-12-31
Pages:	405-430
Author(s):	Hülya Kinik
Abstract:	With the beginning of the 21st Century, the structure of the liberal economic order and its institutions have undergone a great transformation. Since the global financial crisis in 2008, some Asian and Latin American countries draw attention with their rapidly growing economic performances raising big debates over "the West and the rest" discourse. On the other hand, the matter and the uncertainty of the conceptualisation and identification of these new rising powers have been generally ignored. In order to identify rising middle powers, not only their material capacities but also the roles they assign for themselves in international politics (identity definitions) and global policy behaviours are significant determinants. These countries have an important status in the international arena by combining their "positional" (material powers) and "behavioral" (ideological power, policies they pursue) powers. MIKTA members can play a more active role in foreign policy thanks to their material (military, economic, GDP, geographical location, diplomatic capacity…) and ideational (soft power, effectiveness) power capacities. However, after seven years of its establishment, the effectiveness, credibility, and legitimacy of the group have come under question by some analysts. In this backdrop, this paper attempts to compare the potentials of MIKTA countries with material and behavioural patterns that are related to middle power concepts and seeks to find trends in growth or decline in these five countries and to assess MIKTA's prospects on its sustainability.
Keywords:	Rising Middle Powers, G20, MIKTA, economic performance, hard power, soft power.

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